They can have a step or bullnose profile. It can lead to unsustainable coastal development as infrastructure is built on the shoreline to accommodate tourists. Therefore, their only impact is to change where erosion is occurring. If you do not receive a verification e-mail, check your spam folder. Trees need to be sourced and require maintenance. Because if you dont protect coastal ecosystems like oyster reefs, marshes, and seagrass beds, then you can lose a lot of the benefits that we derive from the coast, including productive fisheries, outdoor recreational opportunities, erosion control, storm protection, and water quality. ICM attempts to forge a balance between users of water and natural resources while ensuring that long-term environmental health and productivity are not compromised.32 Countries may use ICM to address the depletion of coastal and ocean resources; deal with pollution that endangers public health; distribute the economic benefits of using the coast and ocean; or develop and manage coastal and marine areas that are not yet being exploited. Will you pass the quiz? This policy brief looks at how population growth, urbanization, and other factors affect coastal resources; how environmental degradation influences peoples lives; and how policymakers can integrate population and resource management issues. WebBenefits - Coastal Development Benefits Foreign exchange earnings from tourist bringing and spending currencies from their home countries. In addition, two-fifths of cities with populations of 1 million to 10 million people are located near coastlines.11 The urbanization of coasts brings with it coastal development (including demands for fresh water and sewage treatment) and damage to coastal ecosystems. At least 107 of the worlds 134 coastal developing nations are involved in some type of ICM effort at the national or subnational level.33 In general, the most successful ICM efforts share several characteristics: Managing coastal areas requires concerted multisectoral efforts by government institutions at all levels, the private sector, and community groups, as well as sustained political support. Vegetation is planted as their roots help to stabilize the cliff structure and increase cohesion, consequently, the cliff will be more stable and less prone to cliff material slumping or sliding off. The idea is to reduce the slope of the cliff and revegetate the cliff top. Partly submerged dam-like structures that control the tidal flow. This allows sand to settle, and increases dune size. This is where all the coastlines are divided into littoral cells containing sediment sources, transport paths and sinks. Some of the undeveloped areas within these levee areas could be made available for landward migration through carefully planned levee breaching, which could give these wetlands room to expand. Other coastal protection benefits include savings in damages during storm events, reductions in erosion and reductions in the costs of engineering for coastal Native plants (i.e., those that originally grew in this area) are adapted to local conditions, and consequently require less maintenance, watering, fertilizer, and pest control than introduced species. The problem is particularly acute in developing countries. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. Other problems include destructive harvesting methods such as trawling (dragging weighted nets across the sea floor to catch shrimp and bottom-dwelling fish), and bycatch (unintended catch of nontarget species).19 Modern trawling equipment scoops through sediment and rock and often kills the worms, sponges, and other species that live on the seafloor. Large walls constructed from concrete, steel, or stone are located along the shoreline of a beach. Bundles or rocks in metal mesh located at cliff bases. A coastline could be managed by hard engineering approaches such as a sea wall made of concrete with steel reinforcement and deep pile foundations. Coastal regions, areas that are home to a large and growing proportion of the worlds population, are undergoing environmental decline. q2ZJ*]ljj=F+r/ S4g%r"RvjZCuo3[vjSmbn~x3L?~g=Xf6too"tHl5LD{s]&M 6!3(p}}rv(?s^U4ejf)P U*$6C89R+>i)':R0NbGn4? Protect the coastal zone in a relatively natural state whilst allowing people to use it and develop it in different ways. The high concentration of people in coastal regions has produced many economic benefits, including improved transportation links, industrial and urban In addition, plants take up water directly from the ground, absorb water through their leaves, break the impact of raindrops or wave-splash, and physically slow down the rate of water runoff, decreasing flows that can lead to erosion. Dr. Randall Hughes is an ecologist and marine biologist focusing on the causes and consequences of species and genetic diversity in coastal systems. People who live in coastal regions may suffer the cumulative burden of environmental stress from the activities on and overcrowding of the coast and from upstream and inland development. What is conflict in the context of coastal management? Historically, these wetlands have been able to adjust to small fluctuations in sea level through natural processes that can increase their elevation in their current area. Conflict often exists between different stakeholders, such as residents and the local council. Can create a strong backwash. Buccoo Reef, Tobago: Balancing Tourism, Health, and Livelihood. United States, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192, Region 2: South Atlantic-Gulf (Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Region 12: Pacific Islands (American Samoa, Hawaii, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands). What is cliff stabilisation, and how does it work? The population of Ecuadors Galapagos Islands has grown rapidly since the early 1980s, largely due to the arrival of coastal fishermen. December 2022 - You are accessing an archived version of our website. They cover more than In addition, reducing erosion in one area of the coastline may exacerbate erosion elsewhere. Cost and benefits may be tangible (monetary value) or intangible (other effects such as visual impact). The situation is similar in rural Honduras, where women earn about half of what men do.29, Being less visible in their work, women are also less likely to have access to decisionmakers or to be consulted about the management of natural resources. Management of the coastline is necessary to protect them from coastal erosion. Stay in touch with Ocean Action related news. In other words, the strategies should not cause too much damage to the environment, peoples homes and livelihood and shouldnt cost too much. This information is targeted to those who influence policy, such as policymakers and their advisers, the media, and nongovernmental organizations. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. Coastal areas worldwide are major destinations for tourism, which represents the fastest growing sector of the global economy.15 Tourism dominates the economy of some regions and small island states; for example, tourism constitutes 95 percent of the economy of the Maldives and is the countrys only source of hard currency.16 Tourism can offer some environmental benefits, such as greater appreciation of the value of natural resources. When concentrated in small, confined, and overcrowded areas such as coastal zones, pollution and other problems pose greater threats to human health. The Coastal GasLink (CGL) pipeline is a 670-kilometer-long natural gas pipeline designed to carry natural gas from mines in north-eastern British Columbia to a liquefaction plant located at the port of Kitimat, where the gas will be converted into the liquefied state for being exported to the global market. E We are hoping that this study will stimulate regional conservation and land-use planning discussions regarding landward migration corridors for tidal saline wetlands, said Enwright. Beach nourishment artificially replacing the sediment on the beach. Expensive to implement. H'@)%!E. Or the even more vexing problem of one group of people taking advantage of the ecosystems and causing OTHER PEOPLE to lose the benefits of those ecosystems? Social and Environmental Dimensions of Health. It recognises that sediment eroded in one location may form a protective beach elsewhere. Coastline management strategies involve hard or soft engineering. They are cost-effective compared to other techniques. Moreover, the ships provide few long-term economic benefits for the local population, since they do not employ many local citizens. Our findings provide a foundation for land managers to better ensure there is space for future wetland migration in response to sea-level rise.. Brian Voigt, Glossary of Coastal Terminology (March 1998), accessed online at www.csc.noaa.gov/text/glossary.html, on Aug. 15, 2003; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Over 10 million students from across the world are already learning smarter. This is another method of sustainable coastline management. Create and find flashcards in record time. Coastal management must be sustainable; any strategy adopted must not cause unnecessary damage to the environment, peoples homes and livelihood and should not cost too much. Explain a sea wall in regards to coastal engineering? Widens the beach/dune, therefore, slowing down waves and preventing erosion. There are two types of coastal management, hard engineering, which involves building structures to protect the coast. This includes building structures that are on or near the coast in general for This is where all stakeholders have a say in any policy decisions. Find landscaping options for controlling coastal erosion and preventing storm damageprovided by the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM) StormSmart Coasts Program. Mangroves are non-native to some areas and can become invasive. WebCoastal development is described as changes that are caused by human activities which alter the condition and the landscape of the coastline. Coastal development is defined as the human-induced change of the landscape within sight of the coastline. Given its importance, careful consideration needs to be given to managing the coastline to ensure that its resources are utilised wisely while preserving its natural beauty and processes. Coastal management aims to protect homes, businesses and the environment from erosion and flooding. Monitoring coastal changes and then using adaptation or mitigation to respond to the observed differences. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. These challenges are particularly acute for island countries, where coasts often comprise the entire territory.6 Such countries may also be threatened by rising sea levels, a possible consequence of climate change. WebCoastal development impacts may be direct such as land filling, dredging, and coral and sand mining for construction, or indirect, such as increased runoff of sediment and pollutants (Reefresilience, 2016). There is one obvious benefit: exposure and awareness. The income generated from coastal tourism contributes to local GDP and further economic stability. Humans come to these areas to find havens of peace and leisure. 4: Wooden revetment (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sturdy_revetments_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1119250.jpg) by Evelyn Simak (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/14840) Licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Fig. Im thankful that my career as a marine ecologist ensures that I will always live somewhat near the ocean! If you need assistance, please see CZM Website Help. Women were not consulted in this process and lost a vital source of household protein and income.30 Women usually have different access to and control over land and water in coastal zones: Fewer than 5 percent of beneficiaries of land reform in El Salvador and Honduras were women.31. In New Jersey alone, wetlands saved more than $425 million in property damages. Of all the hard engineering approaches, groynes are the most problematic as sediment builds up behind them on the uplift side, extending the beach seaward. 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